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What are the impacts of unnecessarily restrictive standards?

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

The potentail costs of drinking water standards more restrictive than what credible science says is necessary to protect public health are staggering. California, Nevada and Arizona could be the states most impacted. Misguided standards would in effect create a...

What is a simple definition of “point of departure?”

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

In risk assessment, the “point of departure” is the dose selected as the starting point to which uncertainty or safety factors are applied to derive a “safe” dose. See the EPA’s definition of “point of departure” on their website »...

What body weight should be used to calculate a safe drinking water concentration using the NAS Committee’s recommended RfD?

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

By definition, an RfD assumes exposure over a lifetime and takes into account special considerations of sensitive populations such as pregnant women, children, infants and fetuses. Read the U.S. EPA’s definition of a reference dose on their website » The NAS Committee...

Who decides whether and how the additional studies should be conducted?

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

The NAS Committee made several recommendations for future research, noting that sufficient data now exists to move forward with the regulatory process. Since the NAS report, multiple studies have filled the few data gaps identified by NAS and have confirmed the NAS...

What is the Part Per Billion (ppb) level in drinking water that equates to the NOEL as defined by the NAS Committee?

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

EPA uses standard default conversion factors for body weight (70 kilograms) and tap water consumption (2 liters per day) to translate RfDs to drinking water equivalents in ppb. For most people in a population, these assumptions are conservative as most people do not...

What is California’s “safe” exposure level and how was it derived?

by perchlorate | Sep 1, 2022 | Science

In 2007, the State of California —accounting for perchlorate exposure from water, farm products and cow’s milk — enacted a Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for perchlorate in drinking water of 6 ppb. This is an exceptionally conservative approach considering...
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